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' 1. s. THOMSON.

Churn. Y No. 1,265. Patented July 27, 1839.

untrans'ra'rre ra'rsnr OFFICE.

JNO. S. THOMSON. OF LUZERNE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

CHURN.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 1,265, dated July 27, 1839,

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN S. THOMSON, of thecounty of Luzerne and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, have made a new anduse ful Improvement in Machines for Churning Butter, which is describedas follows, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same,making part of this specification.

The principal feature of my invention and improvement consists in soarranging the vertical paddles or buckets on the arms, that they shallforce the cream when moving in one direction from the center to thecircumference of the churn, and when re turning throw it back toward thecenter, and thus agitate the cream and produce the butter in a veryshort time.

Figure 1, is a side view of the machine. Fig. 2, rear view; Fig. 3, sideview of the dasher; Fig. 4, top view of the dasher; Fig. 5, top of thelid; Fig. 6, cross rail and arm; Fig. 7, edge view of lid; Fig. 8, topof sills and cross pieces.

This machine consists of a frame A made of timber about two inchessquare. Two sills B B of about eighteen inches long are fastenedtogether by two cross pieces C C, about fourteen inches apart neatlymortised into the sills at or near the ends of them. At one end and ontop of these sills are erected two posts D D of about three feet high;these posts are connected by a rail or girt E atthe upper end neatlyframed into them with an arm F from the center of said rail projectinginward about six or eight inches for the purpose of holding the upperend of the shaft dasher or The churn H is made square or round atpleasure and is placed directly under said arm resting on the sills andagainst the posts. The dasher consists of an upright shaft with two orthree arms I placed above each other as the size of the churn mayrequire, passing horizontally through. it in the same direction and lowenough to be within the churn, to which horizontal parallel arms I arefastened four vertical parallel boards or paddles K, two on one side ofthe shaft G and two on the opposite side. They are fastened to the armsobliquely at any required angle suitable for producin the intendedeffect, the angles being obtuse on one side of the arm, and acute on theother side. The arms pass through mortises in the middle of the paddlesand two of these are fixed on the extremities of the arms and twobetween the exertmities and the shaft. All the paddles are placedparallel and at the same angle, the object of thus placing said paddlesbeing to throw the cream toward the center of the churn when moved inone direction and to throw it toward the circumference when returning ormoved in a contrary direction, thus agitating it in a high degree andquickly producing the butter. There may be another set of arms insertedinto the shaft at right angles to these just described having paddlesplaced and fixed to them in a similar position. The dasher thus madestands perpendicular and plays on pivots P, P, at each end, the lowerplaying in a bOX at the bottom of the churn, and the upper end in thearm F above mentioned. I

On the back sides of the posts and about three or four inches higherthan the top of the churn is a shaft L hung in boxes and so constructedas to form in the'center a double crank L, L", on one end of this shaftand outside the post is hung a balance wheel M of about 2 feet diameterand about 1.6 pounds weight. On the inside of the post and on the sameshaft L is fixed a metal cog wheel N three inches diameter. 011 thisdouble crank L 'L" are hung two pitmen O O in a horizontal positionextending toward the dasher and having a strap of leather Q or othermaterial attached to the loose end of one of the pitmen. Q passes aroundthe dasher shaft G or a pulley and is made fast to the loose end of theother pitman, by which motion is given to the dasher as the cranksrevolve and the pitmen play backward and forward. To prevent the strapfrom slipping on the dasher shaft a common nail or screw nail R- isinserted through the strap into the shaft and the crank L being turnedso as to allow half a. revolution only and the strap being held by thenail causes the vibratory motion of the dasher. shaft S hung in likemanner with a co wheel T of 9 inches diameter to matci exactly in thesmall wheel and with a crank and handle V on the other end by which togive motion to the whole machine.

The size of this machine in all its parts may be varied and made largeror smaller Directly over the shaft is another I as required, preserving,however, all the the cream when moving in one direction 10 proportionsfor answering small or large from the center to the circumference of thedairy purposes. churn and when turned in an opposite di- What I claim asmy invention and ini rection or returning throw it back toward 5provement in the churn and which I desire the center all as here-indescribed.

to secure by Letters Patent consists in JOHN S. THOMSON.

Placing the vertical paddles K K K K 0b Witnesses: liquely 0n thehorizontal parallel arms I, I, JOSEPH CAMP,

as herein described so that they shall force JOHN ELLIOTT.

